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track geometry car
A track geometry car (also known as a track recording car) is an automated track inspection vehicle on a rail transport system used to test several geometric parameters of the track without obstructing normal railroad operations. Some of the parameters generally measured include position, curvature, alignment of the track, smoothness, and the crosslevel of the two rails. The cars use a variety of sensors, measuring systems, and data management systems to create a profile of the track being inspected.
==History==
By at least 1967, geometry cars had emerged. One of the earliest was Car T2 used by the U.S. Department of Transportation's Project HISTEP (High-Speed Train Evaluation Program). It was built by the Budd Company especially for Project HISTEP to evaluate track conditions between Trenton and New Brunswick, NJ, where the DOT had established a section of track for testing high-speed trains, and accordingly, the T2 ran at or greater than 150 miles per hour.〔Lindgren, P.W. "Project HISTEP." (''Proceedings of the 1968 Annual Convention'' ), American Railway Engineering Association (AREA), 1968. Print (digitized).〕
Many of the first regular service geometry cars were created from old passenger cars outfitted with the appropriate sensors, instruments, and recording equipment; they were then coupled behind a locomotive.〔Solomon, Brian. ''Railway Maintenance: The Men and Machines That Keep the Railroads Running''. St. Paul, MN: MBI Publishing Company, 2001. Print.〕 By at least 1977, self-propelled geometry cars had emerged. Southern Pacific's GC-1 (built by Plasser American) was among the first and utilized twelve measuring wheels in conjunction with strain gauges, computers, and spreadsheets to give managers a clear picture of the condition of the railroad.〔''SP Track Geometry Car GC 1''. Percy, Richard A. (c) 1997-2008. Web. 22 October 2009.〕 Even in 1981, the ''Encyclopedia of North American Railroads'' considered this the most advanced track geometry car in North America.〔Hubbard, Freeman H. ''Encyclopedia of North American Railroading''. McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1981. Print〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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